Urban Conservation in International Charters

This paper will present an analytical review of doctrinal texts that have been key for the shaping integrated urban conservation practice internationally: from Athens Charter to Historic Urban Landscape Convention.
 The 1931 Restoration Monuments was published at same time when Congres Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne summing up its controversial urbanist ideology in own Charte d'Athènes 1933. Whilst focused on technical aspects monument restoration, preceding debate showed a raising interest historic areas. CIAM’s too, despite including section regarding areas, limited recommendations protection individual monuments or ensembles. 
 Substantial research centres European countries preceded first national legislations and international charters targeted specifically areas 1960s 70s. Notably, 1964 Venice International Conservation Sites finally extended concepts restoration rehabilitation protected such as historical city centres, recommending expanded heritage legislation worldwide. followed suit. In 1975, Architectural Heritage Year had seen also charter promoting built environment whole.
 However, by end 20th century, good number further being adopted internationally, publication numerous books, articles reports touching problematic conservation, paucity theoretical conceptual advance this field remained evident. delay giving sound structure has been, quite understandably, due complexity ensuing difficulty separating out effects different variables work within it.
 Charters over past three decades call integration planning based appraisal fabric community, approach which should eventually provide more sustainable development. means understanding evaluating significance place, one hand, drawing management implications protecting identifying opportunities change, other. 2011 Recommendation goes some way internationalise theory developed so far predominantly context.
 There are many issues raised through last hundred years, still need proper framework can allow them be used widely, beyond places with strong traditions legislations.